Ruoko, Rutsoka, uye Chirwere cheMouth (HFMD) Overview
Ruoko, Rutsoka, uye Chirwere cheMouth chinonyanya kuwanda muvana vadiki. Inotapuriranwa zvakanyanya, ine huwandu hukuru hwehutachiona hweasymptomatic, nzira dzakaoma dzekutapurirana, uye kupararira nekukurumidza, zvichigona kukonzera kubuda kwakawanda mukati menguva pfupi, zvichiita kuti kudzora denda kunetse. Munguva yekuputika, hutachiona hwekubatana mukireshi uye nzvimbo dzekuchengeta vana, pamwe nekuunganidzwa kwemhuri kwemakesi, kunogona kuitika. Muna 2008, HFMD yakabatanidzwa neHurumende yehutano mukutarisira kweChikamu C zvirwere zvinotapukira.
Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) uye Enterovirus 71 (EV71) mavhairasi akajairika anokonzera HFMD. Epidemiological data inoratidza kuti CA16 inowanzotenderera panguva imwe chete neEV71, zvichiita kuti kazhinji HFMD iparare. Munguva yekuputika uku, chikamu chehutachiona hweCA16 chinodarika icho cheEV71, chinowanzoverengera chikamu chinodarika makumi matanhatu muzana chezvirwere zvese. HFMD inokonzerwa neEV71 inogona kutungamirira kune central central nervous system kukuvara. Chiyero chezviitiko zvakakomba uye nhamba yekufa kwevarwere pakati pevarwere vane EV71 yakanyanya kukwirira kupfuura avo vane utachiona hwemamwe enteroviruses, vane hutsinye hwekufa kwehuwandu hunosvika 10% -25%. Nekudaro, hutachiona hweCA16 kazhinji hahukonzeri zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvine chekuita nenheyo senge aseptic meningitis, brainstem encephalitis, uye poliomyelitis-sekuoma mitezo. Naizvozvo, kutanga kusiyanisa kuongororwa kwakakosha zvakanyanya pakuponesa hupenyu hwenyaya dzakakomba.
Clinical Testing
Ikozvino kuyedzwa kwekiriniki yeHFMD inonyanya kusanganisa nucleic acid yekuona pathogen uye serological antibody yekuona. Kambani yeBeier inoshandisa enzyme-yakabatana immunosorbent assay (ELISA) uye colloidal nzira dzegoridhe kugadzira Enterovirus 71 Antibody Test Kits uye Coxsackievirus A16 IgM Antibody Test Kits yekuonesa kusiyanisa kweHFMD hutachiona. Kuonekwa kweSerum antibody kunopa kunzwisiswa kwakanyanya, kunaka kwakanaka, uye kuri nyore, nekukurumidza, uye kwakakodzera kuongororwa kwekiriniki mumasangano ezvehutano pamatanho ese uye kune hombe-epidemiological surveillance zvidzidzo.
Yakananga Diagnostic Indicators uye Clinical Kukosha kweEV71 Infection
Kuongororwa chaiko kwehutachiona hweEV71 kunobva pakuonekwa kweEV71-RNA, EV71-IgM, uye EV71-IgG masoja ekudzivirira chirwere ari muserum, kana kuonekwa kweEV71-RNA mumaspecimens e swab.
Kutevera utachiona hweEV71, masoja ekudzivirira chirwere eIgM anotanga kuoneka, achikwira muvhiki rechipiri. Masoja ekudzivirira chirwere eIgG anotanga kuoneka musvondo rechipiri mushure mekutapukirwa uye anoenderera mberi kwenguva yakati rebei. EV71-IgM chiratidzo chakakosha chekutanga kana chazvino kutapukira, kufambisa kuona nekukurumidza uye kurapwa kwehutachiona hweEV71. EV71-IgG chiratidzo chakakosha chekusiyanisa kuongororwa kwehutachiona, inobatsira pakuongorora epidemiological uye kuongororwa kwekuita kwekudzivirira. Kucherekedza shanduko yeantibody titer pakati pepaired acute uye convalescent serum samples inogona zvakare kuona EV71 hutachiona mamiriro; semuenzaniso, kuwedzera kwakapetwa kana kana kukuru kwejometri yekuwedzera kweantibody titer mu convalescent serum kana ichienzaniswa neacute serum inogona kunzi hutachiona hweEV71 hwazvino.
Yakananga Diagnostic Indicators uye Clinical Kukosha kweCA16 Infection
Kuongororwa kwakananga kwehutachiona hweCA16 kunobva pakuonekwa kweCA16-RNA, CA16-IgM, uye CA16-IgG masoja ekudzivirira chirwere ari muserum, kana kuonekwa kweCA16-RNA mune swab specimens.
Kutevera hutachiona hweCA16, masoja ekudzivirira chirwere eIgM anotanga kuoneka, achikwira musvondo repiri. Masoja ekudzivirira chirwere eIgG anotanga kuoneka musvondo rechipiri mushure mekutapukirwa uye anoenderera mberi kwenguva yakati rebei. CA16-IgM chiratidzo chakakosha chekutanga kana chechangobva kuitika.
Kukosha kweKusanganiswa EV71 uye CA16 Antibody Testing
HFMD inokonzerwa neakawanda enteroviruses, ine akajairika serotypes ari EV71 uye CA16. Tsvagiridzo inoratidza kuti HFMD yakakonzerwa nehutachiona hweCA16 inowanzo ratidza zviratidzo zvemhando yepamusoro, ine mashoma matambudziko, uye fungidziro yakanaka. Kusiyana neizvi, HFMD inokonzerwa neEV71 inowanzopa zviratidzo zvakanyanya zvekliniki, ine chiyero chepamusoro chezviitiko zvakakomba uye rufu rwemhosva, uye inowanzobatanidzwa nehutachiona hwehutachiona hwehutano. Zviratidzo zvekliniki zveHFMD zvakaoma uye zvinowanzoshaya maitiro, zvichiita kuti kuongororwa kwekliniki kuve kwakaoma, kunyanya mumatanho ekutanga. Kukosha kwekusanganiswa kweserum antibody kuyedzwa kuri mukutsiva nzira dzinotora nguva uye dzinorema dzechinyakare dzekuzviparadzanisa nevamwe, kuona pathogen serologically, nekupa hwaro hwekuongororwa kwekiriniki, nzira dzekurapa, uye kufungidzira kwechirwere.
Product Performance Analysis
EV71-IgM ELISAKitPerformance Analysis
| Syakakwana | No. yeCases | EV71-IgM Zvakanaka | EV71-IgM Negative | Skunzwisisa | Specificity |
| Yakasimbiswa EV71 Nyaya | 302 | 298 | 4 | 98.7% | —– |
| Non-EV71 Infection Cases | 25 | 1 | 24 | —– | 96% |
| General Population | 700 | —– | 700 | —– | 100% |
Mibairo inoratidza:Iyo Beier EV71-IgM Test Kit inoratidza kunzwisiswa kwepamusoro uye yakanaka chaiyo yekuyedza serum kubva kune EV71-vanhu vane hutachiona. Data source: National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese CDC.
EV71-IgG ELISA Kit Performance Analysis (I)
| Syakakwana | No. yeCases | EV71-IgG Positive | EV71-IgG Negative | Skunzwisisa | Specificity |
| Yakasimbiswa EV71 Nyaya | 310 | 307 | 3 | 99.0% | —– |
| Non-EV71 Infection Cases | 38 | 0 | 38 | —– | 100% |
| General Population | 700 | 328 | 372 | —– | 100% |
EV71-IgG ELISA Kit Performance Analysis (II)
| Syakakwana | No. yeCases | EV71-IgG Positive | EV71-IgG Negative | Skunzwisisa | Specificity |
| General Population, Neutralization Test Positive | 332 | 328 | 4 | 98.8% | —– |
| General Population, Neutralization Test Negative | 368 | —– | 368 | —– | 100% |
Mibairo inoratidza:Iyo Beier EV71-IgG Test Kit inoratidza mwero wepamusoro wekuonekwa kweserum kubva kune vanhu vane hutachiona hweEV71. Data source: National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese CDC.
CA16-IgM ELISA Kit Performance Analysis
| Syakakwana | No. yeCases | CA16-IgM Positive | CA16-IgM Negative | Skunzwisisa | Specificity |
| Yakasimbiswa CA16 Nyaya | 350 | 336 | 14 | 96.0% | —– |
| General Population | 659 | 0 | 659 | —– | 100% |
Mibairo inoratidza:Iyo Beier CA16-IgM Test Kit inoratidza chiyero chepamusoro chekuonekwa uye yakanaka concordance. Data source: National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese CDC.
EV71-IgM Test Kit (Colloidal Gold) Performance Analysis
| Syakakwana | No. yeCases | EV71-IgM Zvakanaka | EV71-IgM Negative | Skunzwisisa | Specificity |
| EV71-IgM Positive Samples | 90 | 88 | 2 | 97.8% | —– |
| PCR Positive Samples / Kwete-HFMD Nyaya | 217 | 7 | 210 | —– | 96.8% |
Mibairo inoratidza:Iyo Beier EV71-IgM Test Kit (Colloidal Goridhe) inoratidza kunzwisiswa kwakanyanya uye yakanaka chaiyo yekuyedza serum kubva kune EV71-vanhu vane hutachiona. Data source: National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese CDC.
CA16-IgM Test Kit (Colloidal Gold) Performance Analysis
| Syakakwana | No. yeCases | CA16-IgM Positive | CA16-IgM Negative | Skunzwisisa | Specificity |
| CA16-IgM Positive Samples | 248 | 243 | 5 | 98.0% | —– |
| PCR Positive Samples / Kwete-HFMD Nyaya | 325 | 11 | 314 | —– | 96.6% |
Mibairo inoratidza:Iyo Beier CA16-IgM Test Kit (Colloidal Goridhe) inoratidza kunzwisiswa kwepamusoro uye yakanaka chaiyo yekuona serum kubva kune CA16-vanhu vane hutachiona. Data source: National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese CDC.
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-30-2025